MAGAZ3NE: High Stellar Velocity Dispersions for Ultramassive Quiescent Galaxies at z ≳ 3* * The spectra presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation.

Ben Forrest, Gillian Wilson, Adam Muzzin, Danilo Marchesini, M. C. Cooper, Z. Cemile Marsan, Marianna Annunziatella, Ian McConachie, Kumail Zaidi, Percy Gomez, Stephanie M. Urbano Stawinski, Wenjun Chang, Gabriella de Lucia, Francesco La Barbera, Lori Lubin, Julie Nantais, Theodore Peña, Paolo Saracco, Jason Surace, Mauro Stefanon

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17 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

In this work, we publish stellar velocity dispersions, sizes, and dynamical masses for eight ultramassive galaxies (UMGs; log ( M * / M ⊙ ) > 11), z ≳ 3) from the Massive Ancient Galaxies At z > 3 NEar-infrared (MAGAZ3NE) Survey, more than doubling the number of such galaxies with velocity dispersion measurements at this epoch. Using the deep Keck/MOSFIRE and Keck/NIRES spectroscopy of these objects in the H and K bandpasses, we obtain large velocity dispersions of ∼400 km s−1 for most of the objects, which are some of the highest stellar velocity dispersions measured and ∼40% larger than those measured for galaxies of similar mass at z ∼ 1.7. The sizes of these objects are also smaller by a factor of 1.5-3 compared to this same z ∼ 1.7 sample. We combine these large velocity dispersions and small sizes to obtain dynamical masses. The dynamical masses are similar to the stellar masses of these galaxies, consistent with a Chabrier initial mass function (IMF). Considered alongside previous studies of massive quiescent galaxies across 0.2 < z < 4.0, there is evidence for an evolution in the relation between the dynamical mass-stellar mass ratio and velocity dispersion as a function of redshift. This implies an IMF with fewer low-mass stars (e.g., Chabrier IMF) for massive quiescent galaxies at higher redshifts in conflict with the bottom-heavy IMF (e.g., Salpeter IMF) found in their likely z ∼ 0 descendants, though a number of alternative explanations such as a different dynamical structure or significant rotation are not ruled out. Similar to data at lower redshifts, we see evidence for an increase of IMF normalization with velocity dispersion, though the z ≳ 3 trend is steeper than that for z ∼ 0.2 early-type galaxies and offset to lower dynamical-to-stellar mass ratios.

Idioma originalInglés
Número de artículo109
PublicaciónAstrophysical Journal
Volumen938
N.º2
DOI
EstadoPublicada - 1 oct. 2022

Áreas temáticas de ASJC Scopus

  • Astronomía y astrofísica
  • Ciencias planetarias y espacial

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