La malnutrición por exceso en niños-adolescentes y su impacto en el desarrollo de riesgo cardiometabólico y bajos niveles de rendimiento físico

Background: in Chile, the increase of childhood obesity has become a pandemic, and it has become a major public health problem. Objective: the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in children-adolescents and to analyze its association with cardiometabolic risk and physical performance. Material and methods: 342 students participated in this investigation (191 men and 151 women), who were between 11 and 16 years old, was evaluated index of corporal mass (IMC), body mass percentage (BMP), waist contour (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and physical yield across multiple test. Results: the 3.2% of the children-adolescent had low weight, the 48.5% normal weight, 30.9% overweight and 17.3% were obese. The categories were analyzed as the presence or not of overweight and obesity. It was reported an inverse relationship between nutritional status and physical performance. School children with obesity, in comparison with those without, showed a significant increase in anthropometric measures, as well as a decrease in the physical performance (p<0.05). Cardiometabolic risk presented partnership with abdominal (OR=3.34, p=0.001), flexion of the elbow (OR=3.5, p=0.007), and Navette Test (OR=8.24, p=0.001). Conclusion: this investigation reported high levels of overweight and obesity in the study sample, associating this condition decreased cardio capacity, loss of functionality muscle and increase in the cardiometabolic risk.