TY - JOUR
T1 - Exercise and prostate cancer
T2 - From basic science to clinical applications
AU - Campos, Christian
AU - Sotomayor, Paula
AU - Jerez, Daniel
AU - González, Javier
AU - Schmidt, Camila B.
AU - Schmidt, Katharina
AU - Banzer, Winfried
AU - Godoy, Alejandro S.
N1 - Funding Information:
This review article was supported by the Department of Defense (W81XWH-12-1-0341) and FONDECYT (1161115) grants to AG, FONDECYT (11140255) grant to PS, and Dirección de Investigación (DI-1375-16/CB) grant to CC.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2018/1/1
Y1 - 2018/1/1
N2 - Prostate cancer (PCa) is a disease of increasing medical significance worldwide. In developed countries, PCa is the most common non-skin cancer in men, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Exercise is one of the environmental factors that have been shown to influence cancer risk. Moreover, systemic reviews and meta-analysis have suggested that total physical activity is related to a decrease in the risk of developing PCa. In addition, epidemiological studies have shown that exercise, after diagnosis, has benefits regarding PCa development, and positive outcome in patients under treatment. The standard treatment for locally advanced or metastatic PCa is Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). ADT produces diverse side effects, including loss of libido, changes in body composition (increase abdominal fat), and reduced muscle mass, and muscle tone. Analysis of numerous research publications showed that aerobic and/or resistance training improve patient's physical condition, such us, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, physical function, body composition, and fatigue. Therefore, exercise might counteract several ADT treatment-induced side effects. In addition of the aforementioned benefits, epidemiological, and in vitro studies have shown that exercise might decrease PCa development. Thus, physical activity might attenuate the risk of PCa and supervised exercise intervention might improve deleterious effects of cancer treatment, such as ADT side effects. This review article provides evidence indicating that exercise could complement, and potentiate, the current standard treatments for advanced PCa, probably by creating an unfavorable microenvironment that can negatively affect tumor development, and progression.
AB - Prostate cancer (PCa) is a disease of increasing medical significance worldwide. In developed countries, PCa is the most common non-skin cancer in men, and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Exercise is one of the environmental factors that have been shown to influence cancer risk. Moreover, systemic reviews and meta-analysis have suggested that total physical activity is related to a decrease in the risk of developing PCa. In addition, epidemiological studies have shown that exercise, after diagnosis, has benefits regarding PCa development, and positive outcome in patients under treatment. The standard treatment for locally advanced or metastatic PCa is Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). ADT produces diverse side effects, including loss of libido, changes in body composition (increase abdominal fat), and reduced muscle mass, and muscle tone. Analysis of numerous research publications showed that aerobic and/or resistance training improve patient's physical condition, such us, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, physical function, body composition, and fatigue. Therefore, exercise might counteract several ADT treatment-induced side effects. In addition of the aforementioned benefits, epidemiological, and in vitro studies have shown that exercise might decrease PCa development. Thus, physical activity might attenuate the risk of PCa and supervised exercise intervention might improve deleterious effects of cancer treatment, such as ADT side effects. This review article provides evidence indicating that exercise could complement, and potentiate, the current standard treatments for advanced PCa, probably by creating an unfavorable microenvironment that can negatively affect tumor development, and progression.
KW - Aerobic exercise
KW - Androgen deprivation therapy
KW - Physical activity
KW - Resistance training
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044773584&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/pros.23502
DO - 10.1002/pros.23502
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85044773584
SN - 0270-4137
VL - 78
SP - 639
EP - 645
JO - Prostate
JF - Prostate
IS - 9
ER -