Borazine: To be or not to be aromatic

Aromaticity of borazine, which has been subject of controversial discussions, is addressed. Beside a short review on aromaticity of borazine we report a detailed analysis of two molecular fields, the induced magnetic field (B^ind) and the electron localization function (ELF). The induced magnetic field of borazine shows a long-range shielding cone perpendicular to the molecular plane, as in benzene, but lower in magnitude. Contrary to benzene, borazine shows two weakly paratropic regions, one of them inside the ring, and the second one enveloping the boron atoms. It is necessary to separate σ and π contributions to identify whether borazine exhibits π-aromatic character comparable to benzene. Nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) isolines show that the σ electrons are much stronger localized than π electrons, their local paramagnetic contributions generate a short-range response and a paratropic (deshielding) region in the ring center (similar to an anti-aromatic response). Three regions can be identified as chemically meaningful domains exhibiting an internally strong electron delocalization (ELF = 0.823). Borazine may be described as a π aromatic compound, but it is not a globally aromatic species, as the electronic system is not as delocalized as in benzene.