Interstellar extinction curve variations towards the inner Milky Way: A challenge to observational cosmology

David M. Nataf, Oscar A. Gonzalez, Luca Casagrande, Gail Zasowski, Christopher Wegg, Christian Wolf, Andrea Kunder, Javier Alonso-Garcia, Dante Minniti, Marina Rejkuba, Roberto K. Saito, Elena Valenti, Manuela Zoccali, Radosław Poleski, Grzegorz Pietrzyński, Jan Skowron, Igor Soszyński, Michał K. Szymański, Andrzej Udalski, Krzysztof UlaczykŁukasz Wyrzykowski

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

97 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We investigate interstellar extinction curve variations towards ~4 deg2 of the inner MilkyWay in VIJKs photometry from the OGLE-III (third phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) and VVV (VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea) surveys, with supporting evidence from diffuse interstellar bands and F435W, F625W photometry. We obtain independent measurements towards ~2000 sightlines of AI, E(V - I), E(I - J) and E(J - Ks), with median precision and accuracy of 2 per cent. We find that the variations in the extinction ratios AI/E(V - I), E(I - J)/E(V - I) and E(J - Ks)/E(V - I) are large (exceeding 20 per cent), significant and positively correlated, as expected. However, both the mean values and the trends in these extinction ratios are drastically shifted from the predictions of Cardelli and Fitzpatrick, regardless of how RV is varied. Furthermore, we demonstrate that variations in the shape of the extinction curve have at least two degrees of freedom, and not one (e.g. RV), which we confirm with a principal component analysis. We derive a median value of AV/AKs = 13.44, which is ~60 per cent higher than the 'standard' value. We show that theWesenheit magnitude WI = I - 1.61(I - J) is relatively impervious to extinction curve variations. Given that these extinction curves are linchpins of observational cosmology, and that it is generally assumed that RV variations correctly capture variations in the extinction curve, we argue that systematic errors in the distance ladder from studies of Type Ia supernovae and Cepheids may have been underestimated. Moreover, the reddening maps from the Planck experiment are shown to systematically overestimate dust extinction by ~100 per cent and lack sensitivity to extinction curve variations.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)2692-2706
Number of pages15
JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume456
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2016

Keywords

  • Dust, extinction
  • ISM: lines and bands

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Interstellar extinction curve variations towards the inner Milky Way: A challenge to observational cosmology'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this