TY - JOUR
T1 - Frailty in Chile
T2 - Development of a Frailty Index Score Using the Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017
AU - Diaz-Toro, F.
AU - Petermann-Rocha, Fanny
AU - Lynskey, N.
AU - Nazar, G.
AU - Cigarroa, I.
AU - Troncoso, C.
AU - Concha-Cisternas, Y.
AU - Leiva-Ordoñez, A. M.
AU - Martinez-Sanguinetti, M. A.
AU - Parra-Soto, S.
AU - Celis-Morales, C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Serdi.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background: The Frailty Index (FI) is used to quantify and summarize vulnerability status in people. In Chile, no development and assessment of a FI have been explored. Objective: To develop and evaluate a FI using representative data from Chilean adults aged 40 years and older stratified by sex. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: National representative data from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017 (CNHS 2016–2017). Participants: 3,036 participants older than 40 years with complete data for all variables. Measurements: A 49-item FI was developed and evaluated. This FI included deficits from comorbidities, functional limitations, mental health status, physical activity, anthropometry, medications, and falls. A score between 0 and 1 was calculated for each person. Descriptive statistics and linear regression models were employed to evaluate the FI’s performance in the population. Comparative analyses were carried out to evaluate the FI score by age (<60 and ≥ 60 years). Results: The mean FI score was 0.15 (SD:0.09), with a 99% upper limit of 0.46. Scores were greater in women than men (0.17 [SD:0.09]) vs. 0.12 [0.08]); in people older than 80 years (0.22 [0.11]), and in people with ≤8 years of education (0.18 [0.10]) compared with those with >12 years (0.12 [0.08]). The average age-related increase in the FI was 2.3%. When a cut-off point ≥ 0.25 was applied, the prevalence of frail individuals was 11.8% (95% CI: 10.0 to 13.8) in the general population. The prevalence was higher in women 15.9% [95% CI: 13.3 to 18.9] than men 7.4% [95% CI: 5.3 to 10.1]. In a comparative analysis by age, higher FI mean scores and prevalence of frail were observed in people ≥ 60 than younger than 60. Conclusions: The mean FI score and frailty prevalence were higher in women than men, in people with fewer years of formal education, and incremented markedly with age. This FI can be used for early detection of frailty status focusing on women and middle-aged people as a strategy to delay or prevent frailty-related consequences.
AB - Background: The Frailty Index (FI) is used to quantify and summarize vulnerability status in people. In Chile, no development and assessment of a FI have been explored. Objective: To develop and evaluate a FI using representative data from Chilean adults aged 40 years and older stratified by sex. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: National representative data from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017 (CNHS 2016–2017). Participants: 3,036 participants older than 40 years with complete data for all variables. Measurements: A 49-item FI was developed and evaluated. This FI included deficits from comorbidities, functional limitations, mental health status, physical activity, anthropometry, medications, and falls. A score between 0 and 1 was calculated for each person. Descriptive statistics and linear regression models were employed to evaluate the FI’s performance in the population. Comparative analyses were carried out to evaluate the FI score by age (<60 and ≥ 60 years). Results: The mean FI score was 0.15 (SD:0.09), with a 99% upper limit of 0.46. Scores were greater in women than men (0.17 [SD:0.09]) vs. 0.12 [0.08]); in people older than 80 years (0.22 [0.11]), and in people with ≤8 years of education (0.18 [0.10]) compared with those with >12 years (0.12 [0.08]). The average age-related increase in the FI was 2.3%. When a cut-off point ≥ 0.25 was applied, the prevalence of frail individuals was 11.8% (95% CI: 10.0 to 13.8) in the general population. The prevalence was higher in women 15.9% [95% CI: 13.3 to 18.9] than men 7.4% [95% CI: 5.3 to 10.1]. In a comparative analysis by age, higher FI mean scores and prevalence of frail were observed in people ≥ 60 than younger than 60. Conclusions: The mean FI score and frailty prevalence were higher in women than men, in people with fewer years of formal education, and incremented markedly with age. This FI can be used for early detection of frailty status focusing on women and middle-aged people as a strategy to delay or prevent frailty-related consequences.
KW - aging
KW - Frail elderly
KW - frailty
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146390437&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.14283/jfa.2023.2
DO - 10.14283/jfa.2023.2
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85146390437
SN - 2260-1341
JO - Journal of Frailty and Aging
JF - Journal of Frailty and Aging
ER -