TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between the sociodemographic characteristics of parents with health‐related and lifestyle markers of children in three different spanish‐speaking countries
T2 - An inter‐continental study at oecd country level
AU - Álvarez, Cristian
AU - Guzmán‐guzmán, Iris Paola
AU - Latorre‐román, Pedro Ángel
AU - Párraga‐montilla, Juan
AU - Palomino‐devia, Constanza
AU - Reyes‐oyola, Felipe Augusto
AU - Paredes‐arévalo, Lorena
AU - Leal‐oyarzún, Marlys
AU - Obando‐calderón, Isabel
AU - Cresp‐barria, Mauricio
AU - Machuca‐barria, Claudia
AU - Peña‐troncoso, Sebastián
AU - Jerez‐mayorga, Daniel
AU - Delgado‐floody, Pedro
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - The purpose of this cross‐cultural study was to determine the association between the sociodemographic background of a child’s parents (i.e., their socioeconomic level, marital status, and educational level) with the child’s lifestyle (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)), and health markers. Material: This cross‐sectional study included 1273 children, from Chile (n = 496), Colombia (n = 340), and Spain (n = 437). The sociodemographic information together with the lifestyle and health markers of the children were measured. There was an inverse association between a low or medium‐low socioeconomic level for the parents of Chilean children and handgrip strength (β −0.61, p < 0.001); meanwhile, for Spanish children, an inverse association between a low or medium‐low socioeconomic level and PA after school (β −0.58, p = 0.016), lifestyle (β −0.74, p = 0.015), and with MD adherence (β −0.86, p = 0.004) was found. The risk (i.e., by odd ratios (OR)) of being divorced/separated parents marital status showed an inverse association with abdominal obesity (OR 0.21, p = 0.045) in Spanish children; however, the parent’s marital status and a low educational level were risk factors for the suffering of a low nutritional level in Colombian children (OR 2.02, p = 0.048; OR 2.49, p < 0.001, respectively). On the other hand, a low educational level for parents reported for Chilean children had a positive association with ST of ≥4 h per day (OR 1.82, p = 0.020). In conclusion, in Spanish‐speaking children, the lifestyle and health markers of the children are affected by the sociodemographic background of their parents; however, these effects could be moderated by the socio‐cultural and economic status of their countries as members of the OCDE; therefore, it is essential to develop policies that decrease these gaps, so that children who are under‐resourced can reach their full potential.
AB - The purpose of this cross‐cultural study was to determine the association between the sociodemographic background of a child’s parents (i.e., their socioeconomic level, marital status, and educational level) with the child’s lifestyle (i.e., Mediterranean diet (MD), physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)), and health markers. Material: This cross‐sectional study included 1273 children, from Chile (n = 496), Colombia (n = 340), and Spain (n = 437). The sociodemographic information together with the lifestyle and health markers of the children were measured. There was an inverse association between a low or medium‐low socioeconomic level for the parents of Chilean children and handgrip strength (β −0.61, p < 0.001); meanwhile, for Spanish children, an inverse association between a low or medium‐low socioeconomic level and PA after school (β −0.58, p = 0.016), lifestyle (β −0.74, p = 0.015), and with MD adherence (β −0.86, p = 0.004) was found. The risk (i.e., by odd ratios (OR)) of being divorced/separated parents marital status showed an inverse association with abdominal obesity (OR 0.21, p = 0.045) in Spanish children; however, the parent’s marital status and a low educational level were risk factors for the suffering of a low nutritional level in Colombian children (OR 2.02, p = 0.048; OR 2.49, p < 0.001, respectively). On the other hand, a low educational level for parents reported for Chilean children had a positive association with ST of ≥4 h per day (OR 1.82, p = 0.020). In conclusion, in Spanish‐speaking children, the lifestyle and health markers of the children are affected by the sociodemographic background of their parents; however, these effects could be moderated by the socio‐cultural and economic status of their countries as members of the OCDE; therefore, it is essential to develop policies that decrease these gaps, so that children who are under‐resourced can reach their full potential.
KW - Children
KW - Nutritional level
KW - Physical activity
KW - Physical fitness
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111430071&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu13082672
DO - 10.3390/nu13082672
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85111430071
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 13
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 8
M1 - 2672
ER -
