ALMA survey of circumstellar discs in the young stellar cluster IC 348

D. Ruĭz-Rodrĭguez; L. A. Cieza; J. P. Williams; S. M. Andrews; D. A. Principe; C. Caceres; H. Canovas; S. Casassus; M. R. Schreiber; J. H. Kastner

doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1351

ALMA survey of circumstellar discs in the young stellar cluster IC 348

D. Ruĭz-Rodrĭguez, L. A. Cieza, J. P. Williams, S. M. Andrews, D. A. Principe, C. Caceres, H. Canovas, S. Casassus, M. R. Schreiber, J. H. Kastner

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Abstract

We present a 1.3 mm continuum survey of the young (2-3 Myr) stellar cluster IC 348 that lies at a distance of 310 pc and is dominated by low-mass stars (M(star operator) ~ 0.1-0.6 M_⊙). We observed 136 Class II sources (discs that are optically thick in the infrared) at 0.8 arcsec (200 au) resolution with a 3σ sensitivity of ~ 0.45 mJy (M_dust ~1.3M_⊕).We detect 40 of the targets and construct a mm-continuum luminosity function.We compare the disc mass distribution in IC 348 to those of younger and older regions, taking into account the dependence on stellar mass. We find a clear evolution in disc masses from 1 to 5-10 Myr. The disc masses in IC 348 are significantly lower than those in Taurus (1-3 Myr) and Lupus (1-3 Myr), similar to those of Chamaleon I, (2-3 Myr) and s Ori (3-5 Myr) and significantly higher than in Upper Scorpiusrpius (5-10 Myr). About 20 discs in our sample (5 per cent of the cluster members) have estimated masses (dust + gas) > 1M_Jup and hence might be the precursors of giant planets in the cluster. Some of the most massive discs include transition objects with inner opacity holes based on their infrared Spectral Energy Distribution (SEDs). From a stacking analysis of the 96 non-detections, we find that these discs have a typical dust mass of just ≲ 0.4 M_⊕, even though the vast majority of their infrared SEDs remain optically thick and show little signs of evolution. Such low-mass discs may be the precursors of the small rocky planets found by Kepler around M-type stars.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3674-3692
Number of pages	19
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	478
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1351
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2018

Keywords

Instrumentation: interferometers
Planetary systems

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1093/mnras/sty1351

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@article{58fcc2984e154c39928c381ab87005d4,

title = "ALMA survey of circumstellar discs in the young stellar cluster IC 348",

abstract = "We present a 1.3 mm continuum survey of the young (2-3 Myr) stellar cluster IC 348 that lies at a distance of 310 pc and is dominated by low-mass stars (M(star operator) ~ 0.1-0.6 M⊙). We observed 136 Class II sources (discs that are optically thick in the infrared) at 0.8 arcsec (200 au) resolution with a 3σ sensitivity of ~ 0.45 mJy (Mdust ~1.3M⊕).We detect 40 of the targets and construct a mm-continuum luminosity function.We compare the disc mass distribution in IC 348 to those of younger and older regions, taking into account the dependence on stellar mass. We find a clear evolution in disc masses from 1 to 5-10 Myr. The disc masses in IC 348 are significantly lower than those in Taurus (1-3 Myr) and Lupus (1-3 Myr), similar to those of Chamaleon I, (2-3 Myr) and s Ori (3-5 Myr) and significantly higher than in Upper Scorpiusrpius (5-10 Myr). About 20 discs in our sample (5 per cent of the cluster members) have estimated masses (dust + gas) > 1MJup and hence might be the precursors of giant planets in the cluster. Some of the most massive discs include transition objects with inner opacity holes based on their infrared Spectral Energy Distribution (SEDs). From a stacking analysis of the 96 non-detections, we find that these discs have a typical dust mass of just ≲ 0.4 M⊕, even though the vast majority of their infrared SEDs remain optically thick and show little signs of evolution. Such low-mass discs may be the precursors of the small rocky planets found by Kepler around M-type stars.",

keywords = "Instrumentation: interferometers, Planetary systems",

author = "D. Ruĭz-Rodrĭguez and Cieza, {L. A.} and Williams, {J. P.} and Andrews, {S. M.} and Principe, {D. A.} and C. Caceres and H. Canovas and S. Casassus and Schreiber, {M. R.} and Kastner, {J. H.}",

note = "Funding Information: This paper uses the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA No. 2015.1.01037.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. DRacknowledges support from NASA Exoplanets program grant NNX16AB43G. LAC, acknowledges support from the Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy), through grant Nucleus RC130007. LAC was also supported by FONDECYT grant number 1171246. DP recognizes support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO6-17013A issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory centre, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. CC acknowledges support from project CONICYT PAI/Concurso Nacional Insercion en la Academia, convocatoria 2015, folio 79150049, and from ICM Nucleo Milenio de Formacion Planetaria, NPF. SC acknowledges support from FONDECYT grant 1171624. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s).",

year = "2018",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/sty1351",

language = "English",

volume = "478",

pages = "3674--3692",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - ALMA survey of circumstellar discs in the young stellar cluster IC 348

AU - Ruĭz-Rodrĭguez, D.

AU - Cieza, L. A.

AU - Williams, J. P.

AU - Andrews, S. M.

AU - Principe, D. A.

AU - Caceres, C.

AU - Canovas, H.

AU - Casassus, S.

AU - Schreiber, M. R.

AU - Kastner, J. H.

N1 - Funding Information: This paper uses the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA No. 2015.1.01037.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. DRacknowledges support from NASA Exoplanets program grant NNX16AB43G. LAC, acknowledges support from the Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy), through grant Nucleus RC130007. LAC was also supported by FONDECYT grant number 1171246. DP recognizes support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO6-17013A issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory centre, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. CC acknowledges support from project CONICYT PAI/Concurso Nacional Insercion en la Academia, convocatoria 2015, folio 79150049, and from ICM Nucleo Milenio de Formacion Planetaria, NPF. SC acknowledges support from FONDECYT grant 1171624. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s).

PY - 2018/1/1

Y1 - 2018/1/1

N2 - We present a 1.3 mm continuum survey of the young (2-3 Myr) stellar cluster IC 348 that lies at a distance of 310 pc and is dominated by low-mass stars (M(star operator) ~ 0.1-0.6 M⊙). We observed 136 Class II sources (discs that are optically thick in the infrared) at 0.8 arcsec (200 au) resolution with a 3σ sensitivity of ~ 0.45 mJy (Mdust ~1.3M⊕).We detect 40 of the targets and construct a mm-continuum luminosity function.We compare the disc mass distribution in IC 348 to those of younger and older regions, taking into account the dependence on stellar mass. We find a clear evolution in disc masses from 1 to 5-10 Myr. The disc masses in IC 348 are significantly lower than those in Taurus (1-3 Myr) and Lupus (1-3 Myr), similar to those of Chamaleon I, (2-3 Myr) and s Ori (3-5 Myr) and significantly higher than in Upper Scorpiusrpius (5-10 Myr). About 20 discs in our sample (5 per cent of the cluster members) have estimated masses (dust + gas) > 1MJup and hence might be the precursors of giant planets in the cluster. Some of the most massive discs include transition objects with inner opacity holes based on their infrared Spectral Energy Distribution (SEDs). From a stacking analysis of the 96 non-detections, we find that these discs have a typical dust mass of just ≲ 0.4 M⊕, even though the vast majority of their infrared SEDs remain optically thick and show little signs of evolution. Such low-mass discs may be the precursors of the small rocky planets found by Kepler around M-type stars.

AB - We present a 1.3 mm continuum survey of the young (2-3 Myr) stellar cluster IC 348 that lies at a distance of 310 pc and is dominated by low-mass stars (M(star operator) ~ 0.1-0.6 M⊙). We observed 136 Class II sources (discs that are optically thick in the infrared) at 0.8 arcsec (200 au) resolution with a 3σ sensitivity of ~ 0.45 mJy (Mdust ~1.3M⊕).We detect 40 of the targets and construct a mm-continuum luminosity function.We compare the disc mass distribution in IC 348 to those of younger and older regions, taking into account the dependence on stellar mass. We find a clear evolution in disc masses from 1 to 5-10 Myr. The disc masses in IC 348 are significantly lower than those in Taurus (1-3 Myr) and Lupus (1-3 Myr), similar to those of Chamaleon I, (2-3 Myr) and s Ori (3-5 Myr) and significantly higher than in Upper Scorpiusrpius (5-10 Myr). About 20 discs in our sample (5 per cent of the cluster members) have estimated masses (dust + gas) > 1MJup and hence might be the precursors of giant planets in the cluster. Some of the most massive discs include transition objects with inner opacity holes based on their infrared Spectral Energy Distribution (SEDs). From a stacking analysis of the 96 non-detections, we find that these discs have a typical dust mass of just ≲ 0.4 M⊕, even though the vast majority of their infrared SEDs remain optically thick and show little signs of evolution. Such low-mass discs may be the precursors of the small rocky planets found by Kepler around M-type stars.

KW - Instrumentation: interferometers

KW - Planetary systems

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U2 - 10.1093/mnras/sty1351

DO - 10.1093/mnras/sty1351

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85054633129

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 478

SP - 3674

EP - 3692

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 3

ER -

ALMA survey of circumstellar discs in the young stellar cluster IC 348

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Keywords

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